Artemisinin tuaj ntawm tsob ntoo dab tsi?
Artemisinin hmoovNws yog ib qho xim tsis muaj xim zoo li siv lead ua muab rho tawm los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw inflorescence Artemisia annua stems thiab nplooj, thiab nws yog sesquiterpene lactone nrog ib pawg peroxide. Tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm cov khoom yog soluble hauv dej, thiab feem ntau ntawm nws yog insoluble hauv dej. Nws tsis ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kub thiab yog cov khoom uas yooj yim decomposed los ntawm ya raws, cua sov thiab txo cov tshuaj. Cov khoom no tau tshawb pom los ntawm Suav tus kws muag tshuaj Tu Youyou hauv xyoo 1971 ua cov tshuaj zoo rau kev kho mob malaria. Yog li ntawd, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm cov tshuaj kom ua tiav cov nyhuv ntawm kev kho ntau yam mob.
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Kev npaj ntawm artemisinin hmoov:
Cov khoom siv raw khoom: ua ntej, cov nplooj tshiab ntawm Artemisia annua yuav tsum tau muab sau ua raw cov ntaub ntawv los npaj artemisinin hmoov. Zoo Artemisia annua yuav tsum xaiv cov nroj tsuag uas muaj zog loj hlob, nplooj ntsuab thiab tsis muaj kab tsuag thiab kab mob.
Kev kho nplooj ntoo: cov nplooj tuaj ntawm Artemisia annua yuav tsum tau kho, suav nrog kev tshem tawm impurity, ntxuav thiab ziab cua. Feem ntau, koj tuaj yeem co cov hniav maj mam ua kom cov impurities poob, ces yaug nrog dej ntshiab thiab qhuav.
Crushing thiab sieving: qhuav Artemisia annua nplooj yog crushed, thiab nplooj tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov hmoov zoo los ntawm kev siv lub grinder lossis lwm yam khoom siv tsim nyog. Tom qab ntawd cov hmoov yog sieved nrog lub vijtsam kom tau txais cov khoom sib xws thiab zoo.
Extracting artemisinin: sib tov cov tau txais Artemisia annua hmoov nrog ib tug npaum li cas ntawm cov kuab tshuaj (xws li ethanol los yog ether hnyav) rau leaching. Cov kuab tshuaj tuaj yeem txhawb kev tawg ntawm artemisinin hauv Artemisia annua nplooj. Agitation lossis ultrasonic yoj tuaj yeem siv los txhawb cov txheej txheem rho tawm. Tom qab ib lub sij hawm ntawm leaching, cov tshuaj tau lim kom tshem tawm impurities.
Crystallization thiab ziab: Artemisinin crystallized nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj los ntawm kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias thiab concentration ntawm cov kuab tshuaj. Lub condenser lossis lwm yam khoom siv tsim nyog tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho mob crystallization. Tom qab ntawd, cov crystals tau muab cais thiab qhuav kom tau txais artemisinin ntshiab.
Powder: cov tau txais artemisinin ntxiv crushed thiab finely hauv av los tsim cov hmoov zoo, uas yog artemisinin hmoov.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm artemisinin hmoov:
Kev tua tau zoo ntawm plasmodium: Artemisinin hmoov muaj cov nyhuv tua muaj zog heev ntawm plasmodium, uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm plasmodium hauv lub cev zoo, yog li kho malaria.
Kev siv yooj yim: Artemisinin hmoov tuaj yeem yaj ncaj qha rau hauv dej lossis lwm yam dej uas tsim nyog rau kev haus, thiab nws yooj yim heev rau siv yam tsis muaj cov cuab yeej pabcuam. Qhov no ua rau nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau qee qhov chaw tsis muaj peev txheej lossis ib puag ncig hnyav.
Kev nqus sai: artemisinin hmoov muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom zoo, uas yooj yim dua absorbed los ntawm txoj hnyuv thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Piv nrog rau cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm qhov ncauj, nws qhov nqus tau nrawm dua thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig tau nrawm dua.
Tsis tshua muaj tshuaj tsis kam: artemisinin hmoov muaj zog tua cov nyhuv ntawm plasmodium, txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm malaria tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov no yog vim tias artemisinin hmoov yog kho nrog ib qho tshuaj, thiab thaum ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, nws tuaj yeem txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Kev nyab xeeb yog qhov siab: artemisinin hmoov qhia tau hais tias muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo hauv kev siv tshuaj kho mob. Feem ntau, tom qab siv artemisinin hmoov, cov kev mob tshwm sim me me, thiab cov kev phiv tshwm sim muaj xws li xeev siab, ntuav, kiv taub hau, thiab lwm yam, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj, nws yuav tsis ua rau tib neeg lub cev puas tsuaj loj.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm artemisinin hmoov:
Kev kho mob malaria zoo: Artemisinin hmoov yog ib qho tshuaj zoo los kho tus mob malaria tam sim no, uas tuaj yeem tua cov plasmodium sai, txo cov kab mob thiab txo cov kev txom nyem ntawm cov neeg mob.
Yooj yim thiab siv tau yooj yim: Muab piv nrog cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm qhov ncauj, artemisinin hmoov tuaj yeem yaj ncaj qha rau hauv dej lossis lwm yam dej uas tsim nyog rau haus, thiab nws yooj yim rau nqa thiab siv yam tsis muaj cov cuab yeej pabcuam.
Kev nqus sai: artemisinin hmoov muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom zoo, uas yog yooj yim absorbed los ntawm txoj hnyuv, nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav ncig thiab exerts nws cov teebmeem tshuaj.
Tsis tshua muaj tshuaj tsis kam: artemisinin hmoov muaj zog tua cov nyhuv ntawm plasmodium, zoo txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm malaria tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Txo cov kev mob tshwm sim: Artemisinin hmoov muaj qee qhov kev mob tshwm sim thiab yuav tsis ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj ntau dhau.
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Cov teb twg tuaj yeem siv artemisinin hmoov hauv?
Kev kho mob malaria:artemisinin hmoovyog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob malaria, uas yog siv dav hauv kev kho thiab tiv thaiv kab mob npaws. Nws tuaj yeem tua cov plasmodium sai sai, ua kom luv luv ntawm malaria thiab txo cov tsos mob thiab mob ntawm cov neeg mob.
Antiparasitic kho: Ntxiv nrog rau kev kho mob malaria, artemisinin hmoov kuj tuaj yeem siv los kho cov kab mob los ntawm lwm yam kab mob, xws li schistosomiasis thiab filariasis.
Kev tshawb fawb los tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav: Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no qhia tau tias artemisinin hmoov muaj qee yam kev tiv thaiv qog nqaij hlav ntawm qee cov qog nqaij hlav, thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob thiab cov metabolism hauv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem nyob rau theem kev tshawb fawb hauv chav kuaj thiab tsis tau siv dav hauv tsev kho mob.
Anti-inflammatory nyhuv: Artemisinin hmoov muaj qee yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, uas tuaj yeem txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab txo qhov tsis xis nyob los ntawm o.
Cov txheej txheem tshawb fawb malaria:
Malaria yog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob laus tshaj plaws, thiab nws tau ua ib qho kab mob ntawm kev txhawj xeeb thoob ntiaj teb thiab tsis tau daws txij li thaum ub.
Thawj qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cov tshuaj ua npaws yog nyob rau hauv 1631, ib qho tshuaj cinchonabark tau los ntawm Italians los ntawm Peruvians hauv South America. Tom qab ntau xyoo, nrog kev sib koom tes ntawm Fab Kis cov kws tshuaj thiab kws muag tshuaj, quinine, cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev kho mob malaria, thaum kawg raug cais tawm ntawm cov tawv ntoo ntawm Cinchona xyoo 1820. Tom qab kev tshawb fawb tas li, American organic chemists tau ua tiav cov hluavtaws quinine hauv xyoo 1944. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau kev siv tshuaj mus ntev, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv cov teeb meem ntawm Plasmodium tau maj mam tshwm sim. Thaum kawg, thaum xyoo 1960, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv loj heev ntawm Plasmodium falciparum tau tshwm sim nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia. Nrog rau lub sijhawm dhau mus, thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2015, Suav tus kws muag tshuaj Tu Youyou tau tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob tshiab-artemisinin thiab dihydroartemisinin, tom qab ntawd malaria tau txais kev tso cai.
Yuav tiv tauj peb li cas?
Peb lub tuam txhab yog ib tus kws tshaj lij ntawm cov khoom siv ua tiav, suav nrog cov khoom cog, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub hmoov, tshuaj pleev ib ce, ntsiav tshuaj thiab khoom qab zib. Peb cov khoom raug muab ncaj qha los ntawm cov tuam ntxhab, yog li tus nqi zoo heev thiab qhov zoo yog lav. Koj tuaj yeem yuav nrog kev ntseeg siab. Tam sim no peb lub tuam txhab muag khoom zooartemisinin hmoov. Yog tias koj txaus siab rau cov khoom no thiab xav paub txog nws, koj tuaj yeem sab laj nrog peb tus thawj tswj hwm tus account los ntawm thoob ntiaj teb lub vev xaib lossis email. Peb qhov chaw nyob e-mail yogella.zhang@huilinbio-tech.com ib.